Where the Cuban Diaspora Lives, and What QvaPay Gives It That It Never Had
About 3.5 million Cubans live abroad, from Miami to Madrid to Curitiba. Now they can send value home directly, efficiently, and safely, without feeding the regime, leaking their data, or accepting its rigged exchange rate.
Tim Parsa · Co-Founder & CCO, QvaPay · 3 October 2026 · 5 min read Subscribe
Cuba has about 9.4 million people on the island and about 3.5 million abroad in the countries below alone. Few countries have so much of their family living somewhere else, and few have made it so hard for that family to help.
Where the diaspora lives
| Country | Cubans | Where they concentrate |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 2.9 million of Cuban origin (2024) | Florida, with 1.8 million, 1.2 million of them in greater Miami; also Texas, New Jersey, New York, and California |
| Spain | About 252,000 born in Cuba (end of 2024), and 35,000 more arrived in 2025 | Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, the Canary Islands, and Galicia |
| Brazil | About 103,000 registered (2025) | Curitiba, Boa Vista, São Paulo, and Brasília |
| Italy | About 45,000 (2024) | |
| Uruguay | About 29,000 (2025) | Montevideo |
| Mexico | About 26,000 (2020 census) | Mexico City, Cancún and Quintana Roo, Monterrey, and Guadalajara |
| Chile, Canada, Germany, Puerto Rico | About 21,000, 20,000, 16,000, and 13,000 |
Figures are the latest national counts or estimates; they mix people born in Cuba and people of Cuban origin. See the sources below.
What it had before
For decades a family abroad had two choices. The official channel ran through the state: remittance companies with a military-run partner on the island, state banks paying the state’s rate, and now cash dollars at state exchange houses through a military-conglomerate company. Or the informal one: chat groups, «mulas», and envelopes, where more than 95% of remittances now move.
What QvaPay gives it
- Direct. Dollars go from a verified account abroad to a verified account in Cuba, in seconds, from the United States, Spain, Brazil, Mexico, or anywhere a card, bank, or USDC wallet works.
- Not one dollar to the regime. No state processor, no state bank, no military company takes a cut, and every party is screened against the sanctions lists.
- No data handed to the state. The record of who pays whom is kept by a U.S. company under U.S. law, not by a state bank or payment app.
- No rigged exchange rate. The family holds dollars, or swaps them for pesos with a screened peer at a rate two Cubans agree on, not one the state decrees.
- Safe and efficient. No envelopes, no strangers at the door, no weeks of waiting, and a cost far below what informal couriers charge.
- More than remittances. The same account buys goods for the family from U.S. sellers, tops up phones, and pays Cuban talent for its work.
The defiance is aimed at the regime’s monopoly on money, never at U.S. law. QvaPay is a FinCEN-registered U.S. company, and every flow runs under its rules.
Every Cuban family I know has someone in Miami, someone in Madrid, someone who left last year for Curitiba or Montevideo. For the first time, they can all reach home the same way: directly, safely, and on their own terms.
Three and a half million Cubans abroad, sending value home on a free-market rail: that’s a diaspora becoming the island’s first customers of U.S. finance. Techno-Cubanism, one family at a time.
The diaspora reaches home through these flows: dollars sent directly, goods bought from U.S. sellers, pesos at a market rate, and USDC from anywhere.
| Flow | How we grow it | U.S. tech meets Cuban talent |
|---|---|---|
| Remittances Permitted · 31 CFR §515.570 (U.S. senders) | Marketing by use case to the diaspora in Miami and beyond; every sender and recipient screened. | Diaspora dollars become working capital for families and the private businesses they start. |
| Assisted purchases U.S. payer: §515.533 with SCP · from a Cuban balance: pending with OFAC | SkyMind completes card purchases on the customer’s behalf; more U.S. merchants, more categories. | Cuban buyers get U.S. goods and software without a card of their own. |
| P2P forex Pending with OFAC · no authorization asserted | SkyMind matches orders and more screened traders join. | Every trader is a small business: Cubans earn a spread connecting dollars and pesos. |
| Crypto funding and withdrawals Own funds, screened addresses · withdrawals by persons in Cuba: pending with OFAC | USDC from and to screened wallets, settled by Crypto Teller. | Cubans hold dollars on a phone, the way the rest of the internet does. |
The potential. Remittances into Cuba run an estimated $1.1–2B a year (2024; estimates vary). At the Dominican Republic’s rate per person, Cuba would receive about $9.8B, five to nine times today. That is the market QvaPay is built to serve.
| Market | Cuba today | Cuba at the Dominican Republic’s rate per person |
|---|---|---|
| Remittances received | $1.1–2B 2024 est., estimates vary | $9.8B DR total $11.9B (2025) |
A scenario, not a forecast. The Dominican Republic received $11.9B in remittances in 2025 across 11.4 million people, about $1,040 a person; at that rate Cuba’s 9.43 million people would receive about $9.8B a year, five to nine times today. Method and sources.
Cash remittances to Cuba fell 71% from their 2019 peak by 2021, and, citing Pavel Vidal, remittances lift household consumption, jobs, and private-sector sales without passing through the state economy. On cubanew.com ↗
Sources
- Pew Research Center, 10 facts about Cubans in the U.S., May 2026 ↗
- Diario de Cuba, Cuban-born residents of Spain (INE), February 2026 ↗
- Diario de Cuba, Cuban arrivals in Spain in 2025 (INE), November 2025 ↗
- Wikipedia, Cuban immigration to Brazil ↗
- Wikipedia, Cuban Mexicans ↗
- Wikipedia, Cubans: population by country ↗
- CiberCuba, Cuban emigration in 2025: the global redistribution of the exodus, December 2025 ↗
- CiberCuba, Cuba and remittances: how the state turns economic desperation into its own business (cites Cuba Siglo 21: more than 95% informal), April 2026 ↗
- U.S. Department of State, Cuba Restricted List ↗
- OFAC, Sanctions List Search ↗
- FinCEN, MSB registrant search ↗
- QvaPay, AML/BSA program and transparency page ↗
- Periódico Cubano, Cuba’s private sector imported nearly $1.2 billion in the first half of 2025 ↗
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